The new joiners were armed with equipment captured from the rebels. Some of Hamilcars anger at Rome was transferred to his son Hannibal, whoaccording to Polybius and Livyswore eternal enmity against Rome. There is no clear record of the political activity in Carthage at this time. The rebel loss was 8,000 dead with 4,000 captured. These were taken to Tunis, the rebel capital, and crucified in full sight of Mathos' army. Deprived of leadership, and unaware of the pact, the mercenaries suspected treachery; the Libyans were the first to attack Hamilcar's positions. He made no attempt to join Hanno near Utica. Hamilcar was in a secure enough position in Iberia to send Hasdrubal the Fair with an army to Africa to quell a Numidian rebellion in 236 BC. However, the constant skirmishing without ultimate victory may have caused the morale of some of Hamilcar's troops to crack and 1,000 Celtic mercenaries tried to betray the Punic camp to the Romans, which was foiled. All his family members were employed in the army and made major contributions to . His grandson, Hanno, was an important commander in the army of his son Hannibal. Was Hanno a Barca? Hannibal Barca was probably a black Carthaginian military commander; he became famous for his crossing of the Alps, his strategic brilliance before taking on major campaigns, his tactical genius on the battlefield, and his operational prowess during combat. The Turdetani surrendered. [121] Hamilcar is thought to be the best commander of the First Punic War and as a man, Cato placed Hamilcar a cut above most leaders, including most Romans. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Envoys were sent to Hamilcar demanding an explanation. The gloomy situation changed when first Syracuse and then Rome came to the aid of Carthage. Carthage sent an expedition to Sardinia under Hanno, but this force killed their officers and joined the rebels. After lots of digging and research, it has been proven that the renowned Hannibal was African and Black. Mathos could not, though, resist a joint army of Hamilcar and Hanno, and he was driven out of the city and defeated at Byzacium. [106] Hamilcar now had the means to pay for his mercenary army and also to ship silver ore to Carthage to help pay off the war indemnity. Web. Hamilcar killed his prisoners and announced a policy of equal measure toward future rebel prisoners, thus ending any chance of desertion from the rebel army and the truceless war began in earnest. The war was now becoming particularly brutal with atrocities committed on both sides. So he did. Hamilcar aimed to attack the small rebel band holding the bridge, but Spendius led the rebel force besieging Utica to confront Hamilcar. He may have been responsible for creating the strategy which his son Hannibal implemented in the Second Punic War to bring the Roman Republic close to defeat. Hannibal Barca was a renowned general and statesman. According to one line of thought,[60] the Carthaginian army order of march had the War Elephants leading the column, with the light troops and cavalry behind the elephants. 68, 69, Punica Barcino, Goldsworthy, Adrian, The Fall of Carthage, pp95, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hamilcar_Barca&oldid=1118409183, Carthaginian commanders of the First Punic War, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with German-language sources (de), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. It is also possible that he had hoped to establish a future war chest with Spanish silver. Browse 50 hamilcar barca stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Carthage's failure to prevent the establishment of Massalia[100] by Phocaean Greeks in 600 BC had created a rival that eventually came to dominate trade in Gaul and to plant colonies in Catalonia, at Mainke near Mlaga,[101] three colonies near the mouth of Sucro, and at Alalia in Corsica. Hamilcar commanded the Carthaginian land forces in Sicily from 247 BC to 241 BC, during the latter stages of the First Punic War. The Carthaginians destroyed the rebel army, after which the Libyan towns submitted to Carthage. Hamilcar next raided Locri in Bruttium and the area around Brindisi in 247 BC. The milder terms Rome had given to Carthage in the aftermath of the First Punic War, and the friendly conduct of Rome during the mercenary war might have raised the possibility of a long period of peace between the two powers, but the seizure of Sardinia destroyed any real chance of peace among equals. [64] In response, Hamilcar began to harass the rebel supply lines and soon the rebels were placed in a state of siege. The last condition is mentioned by Polybius in place of the one regarding not making war on Syracuse. They had remained in power throughout the Mercenary War and had advocated Hanno's position over Hamilcar's more than once. After the defeat of the Carthaginian fleet in that year by Gaius Lutatius Catulus, the Carthaginians made a treaty with the Romans that ended the war. [19] Hamilcar was in command of a mercenary army composed of multiple nationalities and his ability to successfully lead this force demonstrates his skill as field commander. In 244 BC, Hamilcar transferred his army at night by sea[29] to a similar position on the slopes of Mt. Hamilcar's victory opened communication with Utica, and gave Hamilcar the chance to bring nearby towns under Carthaginian control by force or negotiations. Quoting Tony Bath, "The Barca family, which originally came from Cyrene, was a powerful one but not at that time among the first families of Carthage". Carthage would evacuate all islands between Italy and Sicily probably the Aegates Islands in addition to the. The Undefeated army now created a unique problem for Carthage. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas ( c. 275-228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. In the same year, both Hippacra and Utica joined the rebels. [65] Using tactics later made famous by Q. Fabius against Hannibal, Hamilcar's eldest son, the rebels shadowed Hamilcar's army, while moving south, harassing his soldiers and keeping to the high ground to avoid Carthaginian elephants and cavalry. Hannibal, (born 247 bce, North Africadied c. 183-181 bce, Libyssa, Bithynia [near Gebze, Turkey]), Carthaginian general, one of the great military leaders of antiquity, who commanded the Carthaginian forces against Rome in the Second Punic War (218-201 bce) and who continued to oppose Rome and its satellites until his death. He is of average height for a gladiator, has tawny skin, and well-trimmed black hair with a small beard. According . This turned out to further restrict his freedom of movement, but the Carthaginian commander continued to coordinate attacks on the Italian mainland, perhaps as north as Cumae. Second Punic War In 228 BCE, Hamilcar was killed in battle and command of the Carthaginian army went to his son-in-law Hasdrubal the Fair (l. c. 270-221 BCE). Hamilcar Barca was a daring, intelligent young man. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. Punic Mercenaries stationed in Sardinia had rebelled in 239 BC, besieged Boaster and all Carthaginians in a citadel and later executed them after the fort fell. The Roman Republic was nearly bankrupt and had to borrow money from wealthy citizens to fund the construction of a fleet of 200 quinqueremes, which blockaded Carthaginian positions in Sicily in 242 BC by seizing the harbour of Drepana and anchorages at Lilybaeum, while Roman soldiers built siege works around Drepanum. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (Punic: , omilqart Baraq; c.275228BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. Please support World History Encyclopedia. Hamilcar simply replied that he was fighting to gather enough booty to pay off the war indemnity. Thus, in 241, the First Punic War drew to a close with the establishment of a new imperial power in the West. The total investment volume is $500 million . [44] They added some conditions and amended some of the ones given by Lutatius:[45]. World History Encyclopedia. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (ca. Until the rise to power of his son Hannibal, Hamilcar was the finest commander and statesman that Carthage had produced. The initial conditions laid out by Lutatius to Gisco were:[40], Hamilcar Barca refused the demand to surrender Roman deserters or disarm Carthaginian soldiers, despite being threatened by Lutatius to have the Punic army pass under the yoke. Hamilcar's immediate objective was to secure access to the gold and silver mines of Sierra Morena, either by direct and indirect control. [113], Orissus, chieftain of the Oretani tribe, came to the assistance of the besieged town. Hanno the Great was aligned with them and they espoused peaceful relations with Rome, even at the cost of abandoning overseas territories. Hamilcar's sons, Hannibal and Hasdrubal, had accompanied him. The success of Hamilcar and his family in Spain, which rebuilt Carthaginian finances and created a standing army, giving Carthage the means to resist Rome. The Carthaginian government then raised an army of 10,000 soldiers and 70 elephants and put Hamilcar Barca in command. Iberia would also serve as a base for any future conflicts against the Romans which would be independent of political interference from Carthage, and the campaigns would enhance the reputation of Hamilcar Barca. RM G15JXK - Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca (247-183/182 BC) was a Carthaginian military commander and tactician generally considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. This led to the Second Punic War and Hannibal taking the army across the Alps into Italy. "Death Date: 229. In 219 B.C., Hannibal led a . He was also father-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair. Hamilcar Barca is listed in the tavern under Others and costs 17,000,000 gold. Hamilcar Barca. Roman occupation of Sardinia, and then Corsica, indicated the untrustworthiness of Romans and their willingness to meddle when they saw fit regardless of treaties between the powers. 'Hamilcar', from the Punic hml-qrt, means follower or servant of Melqart, the Phoenician/Punic god whilst 'Barca' is thought to derive from the Punic word barqa, meaning lightning, and was used in reference to Hamilcar's guerrilla tactics used in the First Punic War. Libyan towns submitted to Carthage at night by sea [ 29 ] to a similar position on the of. Hamilcar aimed to attack the small rebel band holding the bridge, but Spendius led the rebel force besieging to... Situation changed when First Syracuse and then Rome came to the assistance of the Oretani tribe, came the! 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